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OCR: The tragedies of space continue The Phobos probe Baikonur launch site EN ROUTE FOR MARS VIKING 1 AND 2 EN ROUTE FOR MARS Astronomical research naturally took a big leap forward when observation devices could at last be launched from Earth toward the Red Planet-whether for a simply fly-by or for orbiting. Today many such probes have been sent to Mars: the Soviet Mars program, as well as the American Mariner program, particularly Mariner 4 and Mariner 9 that sent back excellent images from Mars orbit in 1971. The adventure began in the early 1960s ... Mars Observer Mars 1 Mars I was launched from Baikonur on November 1, 1962, only six months after Yury Gagarin's history-making first manned space flight. This was the Soviet space program's Mars Observer's hour of glory. Mars I was scheduled to fly past Mars taking last photo photos and providing a spectrographic analysis of the Martian atmosphere. But radio contact was lost on The end of March 21, 1963, and several months later, when the probe Mars Observer flew past Mars at a distance of 193,000 kilometers, it was silent. MARS BETAT